Pakistani Perspective:
The conventional wisdom in India is that Pakistan is the aggressor in South Asia. Pakistan hardly has a perfect record but Indians should not throw stones before reviewing their own history. Even if Indo-Pakistan relationship is set aside for a moment as one of peculiar nature and even if Pakistan is presumed to be responsible for all the wicked behaviour, the question arises why do other countries of the region find it so difficult to forge a closer relationship with India? Why is it that India has failed to evoke trust and confidence among its neighbours to make any worthwhile collaboration impossible, including Saarc? Isn’t it time for hostilities to give way to a congenial environment among South Asian neighbours too?
LIST COMPILED BY REFORMISTANI
Pre-partition Hostility
- India withheld Pakistan’s share of funds and resources from the very beginning of its birth. The newborn nation financed its treasury with donated silverware from ordinary citizens and funds from the Nizam of Hyderabad, Habib family.
- India withheld 297 trainloads of supplies allocated to Pakistan. (3 trainloads were sent with scrap).
Land Grabbing & Invasions
- India threatened England in order to take Gurduspur and Ferozpur allocated to Pakistan
- India swallowed Junagarh on the basis of majority hindu against the wishes of its nawab who had acceeded to Pakistan.
- India swallowed Hyderabad on the basis of majority hindu against the wishes of its nizam
- India swallowed Kashmir on the basis of the maharaja ‘wishes’ irrespective of the muslim majority’s wishes. The instrument of ascension was conveniently “lost”.
- India swallowed the princely state of Bantva-Manavadar and it 26 muslim villages.
- India invaded and absorbed Goa 4,000 Portugese security with a force of 30,000 on the basis of a foreign presence on “republic of India’s” land.
- India annexed Sikkim by formenting a coup against the Buddhist king manipulating the grievances of his subjects. The prime minister that supported India was labelled a traitor by his own people. 5000 Indian soldiers stormed a force of 243. 1 nineteen year old palace guard was killed. Sikkim the tiny country was no more
- India maintains contested boundary sections with Nepal including 400 sq. km over the Kalapani River.
- India continues to stall negotiations on disputed territory in Sir Creek with Pakistan
- India invaded Siachen Glacier
- India swallowed Minicoy Islands (forgotten by the British) without any negotiation with the other dominion (pakistan)
- Indian encroached on Nepali lands and committed atrocities along the border villages of western district of Dang. These actions resulted in the displacement of more than 6000 people from their homes. Cases of rape and disappearance have been reported.
- From Jhapa in the east all the way to Darchula in the west (where the Indian military has even set up a permanent base), the pattern of border encroachment is repeated, with forceful displacement, shifting of border markers and appropriation of territory.
- India has already appropriated some 59,970 hectares of Nepali territory at 54 points in 21 districts.
Indian Fascism
- India banned the book on the partition by Jaswanth Singh
- India arrested the PRIME MINISTER of Kashmir in 1953
- India rejected UN proposals to keep 16000 troops until plebiscite is held.
- India banned an Indian book on Sikkim called: Smash and Grab (Annexation of Sikkim by India) by author Sunanda Datta Ray
- India has banned Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International from Kashmir over 20 years. Recently to AI personnel were allowed into Kashmir. They are Indians! Their first course of action was to call Kashmir an integral part of India (a fact disputed by almost all countries in the world… except India).
- Indian Armed Forces are allowed to arrest non-violent protesters and are slapping them 2 years imprisonment under PSA laws
- Kashmir is under direct President’s rule since 1990, after the state legislature was dissolved (the federally appointed governor had admitted that the Kashmiri legislature had a history of rigged elections).
- India also regularly refuses visas for international rights advocates. In 2003, India denied a visa to the head of Amnesty International, Irene Khan
- A delegation from the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom, a congressionally mandated body, was denied Indian visas.
- The Indian security forces have flouted all norms of civilized conduct. Kashmiri youths have been murdered in cold blood in fake encounters and Kashmiri women of all ages were and are gang-raped in the prescence of their families. International human rights organizations and the international press has been refused entry into the State by the Indian government.
- Even this horrifying imbalance of 1 soldier for every 6 Kashmiris (majority of whom are old men, women and children) has failed to suppress the freedom movement.
- Huge chunks of the region come under draconian laws like the Armed Forces Special Protection Act or the Disturbed Areas Act, which have been in place in Manipur, Nagaland and many parts of Assam, thereby covering a significant geographical chunk of Northeast India for more than two decades. These Acts essentially give the security forces a free hand in doing what they please as long as it’s under the guise of “fighting terror”
- laws was that of the custodial death of Thangjam Manorama in Manipur, where the AFSPA had been enforced for over 25 years. Witnesses say Manorama was picked up on July 11th 2004 by soldiers of the paramilitary Assam Rifles from her home on alleged charges of links with separatist rebels. The next day, her dead body was reportedly found four kilometres away from her home in the state capital Imphal, with multiple bullet wounds and signs of torture. The entire state came to a standstill under the backlash of huge protests following the brutal and tragic death.
- India did not outlaw hindu practice of forced temple prostitution until 1988.
India foreign Intervention & Sabotage
- India has supported “Baluchistan liberation army” and related terror outfits.
- India sent their military to sri lanka and massacred both the Sinhalese and the Tamils in Velvettiturai and Trincomalee
- India supported the Northern Alliance against the Pashtuns majority but blames Pakistan for interference
- India financed anti-Pakistan Northern Alliance
- India imposed an economic blockade on land-locked Nepal in 1989
- India overtly and covertly supported the insurgency against the state by LTTE, a nationalist Tamil group in the northern Jaffna region of this small island country of Sri Lanka, which kept it politically and economically destabilised for decades
- In 1971, Elements of the Indian Army looted Bangladesh while the high command let it happen and benefited from the loot.
- India supported Shanti Bahini insurgency in the Chittagong Hill Tracts according to Bangladesh
- “Ignoring and reputing Sri Lanka’s sovereign and independent status, and violating all limits of shamelessness, M K Narayanan, India’s National Security Advisor, on May 13, 2007, thundered out like a so-called superpower declaring, “We are the big power in this region. Let us make it very clear. We strongly believe that whatever requirements the Sri Lankan government has, they should come to us. And we will give them what we think is necessary. We do not favour their going to China or Pakistan or any other country
- Indian conducted military regime-change operations in the Madives
Indian Provocations
- India started the nuclear arms race in South Asia in 1974 called “peaceful”.
- The Indian Ambassador to Nepal, Mr. Sood, interfered in the choice of Nepal’s Commander-in-Chief. By doing so, he has made it clear that Nepalese right to choose their government remains a right as long as their choice does not contradict with Indias’ vested interest in Nepal
- India started the nuclear provocation by testing nuclear weapons on Pakistan’s border in 1998 leaving Pakistan no options to demonstrate her nuclear deterrents.
- India border forces have killed hundreds of Bangladeshi border guards.
- India continues to fence the disputed borders with Bangladesh regardless of the Bangladeshi protests.
- India continues to support the Dalai Lama & Tibet Separatists to instigate the Chinese
- Indians government warned: “If the Chinese will not vacate the areas occupied by her, India will have to repeat what she did in Goa. She will certainly drive out the Chinese forces.” India initiated the Forward Policy setting up checkpoints north of the McMahon line.
- Bangladesh often finds itself on the receiving end of Indian development projects utilizing the numerous rivers that flow through the country apart from the constructing of Indian fences along the Bangladeshi border to placate Indian xenophobia resulting in ruined commerce interactions and livelihood for villagers on either side of the border
Other
- India continues to stall resolutions with Bangladesh over river boundaries, hundres of enclaves
- India forced China into war due its inflexibility with border territories inherited from the British Raj and India’s provocative “forward” policy.
- Indian governments have refused to sign nuclear testing and nonproliferation agreements — accelerating a nuclear arms race in South Asia. (India’s second nuclear tests in 1998 led to Pakistan’s decision to detonate its own nuclear weapons.)
- India supported the illegal, immoral and brutal Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. India did not boycott Moscow Olympics along with other democracies of the world.
- In 2008, India single-handedly foiled the last Doha round of global trade talks, an effort to nail together a global deal that almost nobody loved, but one that would have benefited developing countries most.”I reject everything,” declared Kamal Nath, then the Indian commerce and industry minister, after grueling days and sleepless nights of negotiations in Geneva in the summer of 2008.
Indian Pogroms & Terror
- India rampaged through the sacred sikh golden temple, killed sikh leaders and humiliated its followers.
- India used artillery against its own Sikh people in the religious residential area of Amristar
- Indian police and para-military stood by idly as 3000+ Sikhs were murdered during the Sikh Riots.
- India government stood by idly as the destruction of Babri Masjid took place
- Indian state government of Gujrat headed by Modi committed a state-sponsored pogrom in gujrat killing 2000+ Muslims and displacing 100,000.
- India has slaughtered 70,000-130,000 civilians in Kashmir
- Indian forces have raped 9900 women in Kashmir
- India maintains an army 0f 700,000 soldiers in Kashmir (50% of its total army and greater than the entire Army of neighboring Pakistan) against the civilian population of that small state which numbers less than 4 million people.
- India massacred peaceful Kashmiri protests in Gowkadal, Maisuma and Bijbehara
- human rights organization like Amnesty International and Asia Watch constantly report of indescribably inhumane treatment meted out to Kashmiris in government run torture cells and elsewhere
- “The Armed Forces (J&K) Special Powers Bill (1990), which have been passed by the parliament of world’s largest “democracy”. This Bill grants authorization to members of Indian Security Forces to “fire upon or otherwise use force, even to the causing of death against any person” without fire orders. 100,000+ people have been brutally murdered by the Indian Security Forces in the past 20 years and thousands more have been intimidated and terrorized
Bangladesh often finds itself on the receiving end of Indian development projects utilizing the numerous rivers that flow through the country apart from the constructing of Indian fences along the Bangladeshi border to placate Indian xenophobia resulting in ruined commerce interactions and livelihood for villagers on either side of the border. Sri Lankans, both Sinhalese and Tamils, have for long spoken of Indian imperialism, alternatively supporting both the Tamil Tigers and the Sri Lankan military, including the brutal Indian Peace Keeping Force sent to the tiny island nation in the 1980s. Indian monopoly capital has made huge inroads into all neighbouring countries in South Asia, resulting in immense resource usurpation. Tinier nations like Nepal, Maldives and Bhutan are essentially forced to act as Indian client states with the Indian military expanding and conducting operations in them as they please
“Northeast India” itself is very much a post-colonial construct, coming into existence only after Indian Independence in 1947, and the region has suffered for a long time under extremely oppressive Indian state hegemony as well as spatial discrimination in comparison to the rest of India
The hegemonic treatment meted out to the region has resulted in numerous armed nationalist and sub-nationalist insurgent movements, causing multiple conflicts with the Indian state as well as internecine battles with each other. This has resulted in harsh material conditions for the people, including human rights abuses, insecure livelihood, difficult working conditions as well as exploitation of the conflict by capital
The discrimination meted out by the Indian state also spawned massive cultural hegemony, and soon many movements, mostly of a cultural-nationalist nature, sprung up in order to counter Indian state-hegemony, as well as to ensure their own rights towards effective self-determination.
While initially non-violent in the 1940s and 50s, from the 1960s onwards many of these movements soon went on to becoming full-blown armed insurgencies, the most prominent ones being ULFA (United Liberation Front of Assam), Manipur Peoples Liberation Army (PLA), NSCN (National Socialist Council of Nagalim) and many others. The region counts around 30 major insurgent outfits along with numerous smaller ones. This has resulted in the longstanding, massive and extremely oppressive presence of the Indian military, in the name of curtailing numerous armed nationalist movements either fighting for independence or greater autonomy
As can be expected in most situations of occupation or state hegemony, the brunt is borne by the working poor. Stories of disappearances, custody killings, encounter killings all conducted by the security forces as well as people caught in the midst of the conflict are all too easy to find.
Many insurgent outfits have had or continue to have training camps or bases in neighbouring countries like Bhutan, Burma, Bangladesh and Nepal.
India has continuously arm-twisted these nations into providing space and support for the Indian military to enter and conduct operations in flushing out insurgents without any concern for local people within those neighbouring countries. Numerous joint military operations have been conducted on India’s behest in each of the nations mentioned, including particularly brutal ones launched in Burmese and Bhutanese territory to kill ULFA militants that also resulted in massive displacement and human rights abuses upon locals in the two countries.
“India very recently bid to set such an example. India unjustifiably rebuked and scared Sri Lanka when she (Sri Lanka) expressed her desire to collect traditional, but effective, radars and other smaller equipments from Pakistan and China due to inability and failure of India-origin radars to detect air attacks of Tamil rebels.”
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